Evolve of the Egyptian Tombs.

the ancient Egyptian were very interesting because of too many things for example their tombs , temples , mummies, arts , est.……  ,so they were very careful about their tombs to protect their bodies for resurrection  but why they belief of this ,from long time ago the ancient Egyptian discover that every day in the morning the sun was rise from the east of Egypt , and sunset from west , according to their believe  the sun was representing the god ra the first and the main god , so they believe every day in morning the sunrise mean new life for their god and sunset mean death , in order of that they start  to burial themselves very well . The  Evolve of the Egyptian Tombs start before the unification of the two countries in old kingdom upper and lower Egypt , Which started from a hole in the ground in which the corpse lay in a squatting shape, its shapes developed and became more complex during the periods of ancient Egyptian history, especially the tombs of kings, which were distinguished by the artists from the tombs of nobles , as they were keep on innovation and renewal their graves from period to another.

you can see Egypt northern cemeteries  took different shape from southern cemeteries which represented in the tombs of Abydos, as the cemetery is a relatively large room located under the surface of the earth, surrounded by a group of small rooms that were intended for preserve offerings and funeral furniture. The walls were covered with a layer of plaster. Then the artist painted the ancient Egyptian tombs with some of the topics associated with funeral rites.

As for the type of tombs in northern Egypt, represented in the Saqqara tombs; As it was characterized by a huge wall above the ground covering the burial chamber Which was called the mastaba.

Then later developed into layers such as the step pyramid (Where we see that the step pyramid of Djoser is formed into an incomplete hierarchical shape “basically from 6 mastabas high 60 m under that pyramid the burial chamber of the king , which built during 3rd dynasty by his engineer Imhotep in sakkara

 

The pyramid of Meidum near from Cairo is considered one of oldest pyramids in the history of ancient Egyptian architecture, its base area is 20880 square meters,  height was 99 meters, and it was built by King Huni, one of the kings of the Third Dynasty  and he built his tomb a step pyramid, and then they modified it to take the shape of a complete pyramid as they covered it with a layer of limestone, to  became flat and smooth ,The burial chamber was not carved into the rock under the pyramid , but was designed in the middle it. There is no doubt that the pyramid of Meidum is considered the Link between the step pyramid and the smooth complete form of pyramid.

But the complete full form  of pyramid did not emerge except from the fourth dynasty When King Senefru built two pyramids at the beginning of the fourth dynasty in Dahshur, the first pyramid was called the curved pyramid, and its height reached 101 meters, where the building of the pyramid began at an angle of 54 degrees and when the building reached the middle of the pyramid had many cracks, which made the engineer change the angle of the building to 45 degrees In order  to avoid destroy the pyramid, after that he know the right degree and built the first smooth full form of the pyramid which we called it the red pyramid .

After that pyramids in Egypt become the true pyramids of giza , were belong to king khufu and his pyramid height is 146.5 m  , his son khafren has pyramid-and-sphinx highet  of his pyramid is 134.5m, grandson mankare pyramid height 63 m , 4th dynasty ( 2550 – 2470 BC ).Giza-pyramid-sakkara-dahshur

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The Pyramid of Unas: Some scholars consider Unas the last king of the Fifth Dynasty, and some of them consider him the first king of the Sixth Dynasty, and he ruled for thirty years, then followed by the kings of the Sixth Dynasty, Titi I, Mereni-Ra, and Baby-II, who used a similar layout for the shape of the pyramid, but with different sizes.

  During the middle kingdom ( 2050- 1990 BC ) the kings of the Twelfth Dynasty, they established their tombs in Lisht, Hawarah,Dahshur, and Lahoun

The stage of the tombs of the Valley of the Kings in luxor, after the liberation of Egypt from the Hyksos,  the King Ahmose, he established the Eighteenth Dynasty, and established a new stage in the history of Egypt, and despite the “discovery of a funerary complex belonging to the king Ahmose in the Abydos region, but the place of his burial was the subject of discussion, and his real grave was not determined, which is believed his tomb was in Luxor , whatever , A new style of tombs, and that model is considered the last stage in the construction of the royal tombs.”We could not know the funerary traditions of building cemeteries during the reign of the Hyksos, except that at the beginning of the New Kingdom era” the theory of kings differed in the construction of cemeteries, after that , because They witnessed the thieves stole everything from the pyramids , as the pyramid in the Old Kingdom was easy to find and stolen by tomb robbers. so they start to digging in mountain in Luxor west bank of the Nile to protect their tombs ,and the king Thutmose I was the first king put his tomb in valley of kings .if you would like join us in loxur-day-tour-from-hurghada

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